The Importance of Being Victorian Oscar Wilde Essay Example

The Importance of Being Victorian: Oscar Wilde Paper The Importance of Being Victorian: Oscar Wilde â€Å"The truth is rarely pure and never simple. Modern life would be very tedious if it were either, and modern literature a complete impossibility† (Wilde 14). As a brilliant writer of the 1800’s, Oscar Wilde devoted the majority of his works towards unveiling the harsh truths of the Victorian society. Leading a life of deception himself, he chose to showcase his distastes for the social injustice he saw around him with unrestrained humor. Being the first playwright to include homosexual innuendos, uplift women, and mock present social norms, it was surprising to find how widely accepted his production became. Reviews praised his use of witty dialogue and comedic characters, creating the most enduring play of the Victorian Era. In â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest: A Trivial Comedy for Serious People,† Oscar Wilde utilizes his personal experiences to unmask the social conventions of the British Aristocracy during the late 1800’s. Oscar Wilde’s life was far from conventional. Born under the irregular name Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde on October 16th, 1854, he grew up in a â€Å"richly eccentric† family (Woodcock 9). His father, Sir William Wilde, was an esteemed aural doctor for the Victorian upper-class who was â€Å"appointed medical advisor to the Irish Census of 1841† by the young age of twenty-eight (Gately). Wilde’s mother, Jane Francesca Elgee, often referred to as Lady Wilde, was an Irish nationalist who believed herself to be a revolutionary. We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Being Victorian: Oscar Wilde specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Being Victorian: Oscar Wilde specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Being Victorian: Oscar Wilde specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer She wrote poetry under the pen name â€Å"Speranza,† for a weekly Irish newspaper, The Nation, and organized several gatherings for artists to converse upon intellectual topics (Harris 3). Between the two of his parents, Wilde was introduced to a wide array of artists, intellectuals, and doctors from around the world. These ideas helped Wilde to learn to value witty and intellectual conversation, which he illuminates throughout â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest. † Wilde was provided with the advantage to attain a superior education. Winning several awards at Portora Royal School, he was already considered a profound scholar before attending college at Trinity and Magdalen in Oxford (Pearson 18). At these schools, Wilde began a lifelong adoration of the classics, which would later influence his subsequent writing (Harris 17). Under the influence of three professors, John Ruskin, Walter Pater, and Frank Mahaffy, Wilde was transformed into a capital gentleman who dressed in unorthodox clothing and constantly questioned the Victorian norms (Harris 24). Ruskin inspired Wilde’s imagination and aristocratic soul with â€Å"his prose† style and romantic writing (Harris 28). Pater, Wilde contends, â€Å"taught me the highest form of art: the austerity of beauty† (Harris 28). His emphasis in the arts also urged Wilde to live for pleasure and experiment with â€Å"the instrument of speech,† which later helped him form witty dialogue in his plays (Harris 28). Mahaffy took him on trips to Italy and Greece, inspired his love for the Greek language, and challenged him to look at the repressive ethics around them (Harris 27, Pearson 34). Without the guidance and encouragement of these professors, Wilde may not have evolved into the humorous and esteemed writer seen today. Wilde entered into the celebrity limelight through his intellect and irregular lifestyle. To make himself memorable, he wore eccentric clothing and sported flowers and lilies with each of his outfits. He traveled and lectured to increase his fame in Britain and abroad (Pearson 38). Listeners proclaimed, â€Å"[he] was without exception the most brilliant talker I have ever come across, the most ready, the most witty, the most audacious†¦ Nobody could pretend to outshine him† (Pearson 170). As his reputation blossomed, he began to court celebrities and book triumphant tours. On one of these tours, Wilde met his wife Constance Lloyd, for better or for worse (Harris 52). They settled down together, became respectable parents, and had two sons, Cyril and Vyvyan. Consequently, this all changed dramatically in 1891 when he met Lord Alfred Douglas and entered into a homosexual relationship with him outside of his marriage (Gately). Bored by the convention of his married life at home, Wilde would often escape to a second town home with Douglas and openly share a relationship with him (Small 25). His secret, doppelganger lifestyle, intellectual background, and experiences with Victorian Britain all come together in his comedy to showcase Wilde’s criticisms for the British aristocracy. In the West End of London, Wilde’s ,â€Å"The Importance of Being Ernest,† premiered during a time of transition. Around him, many social, religious, political, and economic doctrines were evolving. Prior performances at the George Alexander’s St. James Theater, for example, never dared to mock the standards of society (Raby xi). It was considered a major foul to scoff the aristocracy, but Wilde was not afraid to jeopardize their support. On February 14th, 1894, â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest,† made its debut and quickly rose to a success, running eighty-six more times thereafter (Gately). As a farce, his humorous play exaggerated physical action such as slapstick, absurdity, and improbability, to surprise the audience with unexpected events and restore genuine comedy to the stage (Bloom 35-39). As an Irish Protestant outsider to London, Wilde was popularly accepted by the upper class of London, even as they laughed about themselves. His three major sources of comedy: social criticism of the upper and middle class, homosexuality, and epigrams and puns; made the play a brilliant success (Mazer). Wilde’s play reveals several implications about this Victorian upper class. Algernon Moncrieff, a wealthy bachelor who pretends to have a brother named â€Å"Bumbry† to escape from the city, is always looking for excitement as a result of his boredom with the conventions (Wilde 15). Concerned with personal satisfaction and appearance, Algernon represents the visual ideals of the upper class and always dresses in stylish and dandy attire. Although he outwardly embodies them, internally, he actually goes against the etiquette of the upper class, creating a paradox. Wilde reveals through Algernon’s character that Victorian values of duty and virtue are repressive to the human spirit (Raby 59). John Worthing, on the other hand, is a justice of the peace, guardian of Cecily, and owner of a respectable country estate. As a result of his position, he is a product of his social standing and therefore, abides by rules (Bloom 38). He is accepted by the upper class for his fortune and appropriate manners, which have a higher value than the lifestyle Algernon leads. Although both men lead a secret life unknown to society, Wilde implies that society â€Å"cares about substance but instead reveres trial and triviality† (Raby 82). Similar to Wilde’s personal life, his male protagonists lead secret lives. In writing a play about truth, â€Å"surfaces [and] labels assume a special ignifigance† (Raby 52). John Worthing refers to himself as â€Å"Jack† in the country and â€Å"Ernest† when he travels to the city for fun (Wilde 15). Algernon, Jack’s friend, also reveals that he created an imaginary friend named â€Å"Bunbury† to visit whenever he desires to leave the city and later on pretends to be Jack’s wicked brother â€Å"Ernest† when he visits his country estate (Wilde 15). Both of these characters parallel to Wilde’s personal character– living as a married man with a homosexual double life. As a Victorian ideal, â€Å"earnestness† means to have great devotion to virtue and duty, standing for sincerity and seriousness (Raby 51). Wilde instead contradicts these implications and turns it’s conservative meaning upside down by making the name stand for deception: a mode by which his characters can escape from the hassles of their everyday lives and responsibilities. Therefore, Wilde is implying that living a conventional lifestyle is formulaic and dull. In order to liven things up, one must seek a fictitious counter-identity, similar to the clandestine one Wilde holds with Lord Alfred Douglas. To the aristocrats, appearance was crucial and style much more important than substance. While a person could lead a secret life, carry on affair within a marriage or have children outside of wed lock, society would look the other way as long as the appearance of propriety was always maintained (Bloom 43). For this reason, Wilde questions whether the more important or serious issues of the day are overlooked in favor of small talk about style and gossip. Gwendolen states, â€Å"In matters of grave importance, style, not sincerity is the vital thing† (Wilde 86). Her mother, Lady Bracknell also believes Algernon is a perfect husband for the same reasons. â€Å"What more can one desire,† she questions, â€Å"Algernon is an†¦ ostentatiously, eligible man. He has nothing, but he looks everything† (Wilde 95). In a society where image is everything, Algernon is certainly a perfect surface image of a husband. Throughout the first act, marriages in Victorian England become a central theme. To Wilde, marriages were an institution, characterized by hypocrisy and greed to achieve status within society (Small 109). Following suit, when Algernon’s house servant, Lane, informs him that wine in married households is never superior in quality, Algernon responds, â€Å"Good heavens! Is marriage so demoralizing as that? † and Lane responds that his own was â€Å"in consequence of a misunderstanding† (Wilde 7). The humor continues when Algernon discovers that Jack has come to the city to propose to Gwendolen Fairfax, a wealthy debutante. He believed his friend had â€Å"come up for pleasure? [†¦] I call that business† (Wilde 8). Like Wilde, Algernon believes that once marriage occurs, flirtation and the passion of love all fade away because women do not marry men they are interested in, they marry men for financial security and status (Pearson 175). During a time period where marriage was considered a serious matter, Wilde used absurdity through his characters to humor his conservative, upper-class audience to unveil his true opinions of marriage. In Act II, Wilde introduces us to the repression of sexual desires of the Victorian society. Confined to a country estate, Cecily Cardew is infatuated by sin and wickedness. Being raised far from social life in the city and sexual temptations, Cecily seeks escape by allowing her imagination to run wild in her diary entries. In her society, young women did not know of sex and adults would always speak of it in metaphoric terms in order to protect them. As Mrs. Prism continually tries to teach Cecily German in her studies, Cecily is unable to focus and chooses to live vicariously through her fantasies. Wilde utilizes her character to showcase to his audience that the repression of our innate sexual desires leads to more of a curiosity in them (Bloom 135). Mrs. Prism, her tutor, continually tries to get Cecily to recite her German; however, she finds it plain and redundant. Dreaming of the man she believes Ernest to be is more fascinating to the youthful mind of Cecily. Education sought to promote the status quo during this time period so that young people would learn not to question the society in which they live. By satirizing this, Wilde shows his upper-class audience that imposing rules upon people hinders the personal spirit and can sometimes have the opposite effect upon people. These suffocating norms were so repressive that Wilde creates episodes in which his characters lead secret lives and craft false impressions of who they really are. Algernon and Jack both create personas to escape from their lives and neglect their duties. Wilde unveils their alternative lives within the first act and allows them to continue until the final act to represent his own life of deceit as a homosexual (Bloom 31). Rejecting their responsibilities, Algernon and Jack pursue pleasure and eventually find themselves desiring marriage. Realizing that this will end their secret lives of passion they comment, â€Å"[y]ou won’t be able to run down to the country quite so often as you used to, dear Algy,† and â€Å"[y]ou won’t be able to disappear to London quite so frequently as your wicked custom was† (Wilde 80). If either of these characters were to get married, their spontaneity would diminish and freedom removed because society requires married couples to follow certain conservative standards. These standards would hold Algernon and Jack back from having lives filled with happiness, just as Wilde’s was with his wife, Constance Lloyd. There is an evident gulf between the upper and middle classes in â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest. † Intermarrying was not permitted between classes because families sought to keep their status within the bloodline (Woodcock 166). If such an act were to occur, the family would be tainted in the eyes of society. Conservative, strong, powerful, arrogant, and ruthless, Lady Augusta Bracknell represents the negativity within the upper class. She firmly believes that the lower and middle classes should never be educated or taught to think or question the world in which they live. If they were to obtain power through knowledge, the playing field between classes would be eliminated and the prominence of the upper class questionable (Bloom 31). Education was not designed so that the upper class would be able to think, it was designed to teach them how to mindlessly following convention (Bourke 47). Lady Bracknell explains this explicitly when she states, â€Å"[t]he whole theory of modern education is radically unsound. Fortunately in England, at any rate, education produces no effect whatsoever† (Wilde 67). Wilde speaks his own mind on the matter through her words. He believes as she does that education is meaningless unless the mind is allowed to be free and capable of studying for the purpose of intellect, not social customs. Living in a society full of restrictions and order, Wilde sought an escape from his life of structure and duty. Dictated to live a life full of appearances, Wilde was forced to marry for security, live pure and plainly, repress sexual desires, and dress fashionably. With so many rules to abide by, it’s no wonder Wilde had a difficult time being genuinely happy in life. As the false world he lived in continued to sicken him, he found an escape route through writing â€Å"The Importance of Being Ernest† and his secret relationship with Douglas. If it had not been for Wilde’s background with classic literature and humor, he may have never dared to exploit the faults of Victorian England. Characters like Algernon and Jack provide resemble himself in many ways and reveal subsurface themes about defying the norms of society. Overall, Oscar Wilde’s background and use of humor within â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest† allowed him to express the deficiencies of the upper class in Victorian England. Works Cited Bloom, Harold. Oscar Wildes The Importance of Being Earnest. New York: Chelsea House, 1988. Print. Bourke, Joanna. Working-class Cultures in Britain: 1890-1960: Gender, Class and Ethnicity. London: Routledge, 2003. Print. Gately, Nicole. Biography: Oscar Wilde. 12 Aug. 2005. Web. 8 Nov. 2010. Harris, Frank, and Bernard Shaw. Oscar Wilde. Michigan State UP, 1959. Print. Mazer, Carey M. Wilde, Society, and Society Drama. Peoples Light and Theatre Company, June 1993. Web. 8 Nov. 2010. . Pearson, Hesketh. Oscar Wilde: His Life and Wit. New York: Harper Bros. , 1946. Print. Raby, Peter. The Importance of Being Earnest: A Readers Companion. New York: Twayne, 1995. Print. Small, Ian. Oscar Wilde: Recent Research. Greensboro: English Lit. Trans. , Univ. of North Carolina, 2000. Print. Wild e, Oscar. The Importance of Being Earnest: A Trivial Comedy for Serious People. Lexington, KY: Filiquarian P, 2007. Print. Woodcock, George. The Paradox of Oscar Wilde. New York: Macmillan, 1950. Print.

Locating German Vital Records

Locating German Vital Records Civil registration of births, marriages, and deaths in Germany began following the French Revolution in 1792. Beginning with regions of Germany under French control, most German states eventually developed their own individual systems of civil registration between 1792 and 1876. In general, German civil records begin in 1792 in Rheinland, 1803 in Hessen-Nassau, 1808 in Westfalen, 1809 in Hannover, Oct 1874 in Prussia, and Jan 1876 for all other parts of Germany. Since Germany has no central repository for civil records of births, marriages, and deaths, the records may be found in several different locations. Local Civil Registrars Office Most civil birth, marriage, and death records in Germany are maintained by the civil registration office (Standesamt) in the local towns. You can usually obtain civil registration records by writing (in German) to the town with the appropriate names and dates, the reason for your request, and proof of your relationship to the individual(s). Most cities have websites at www.[city name].de where you can find the contact information for the appropriate Standesamt. Government Archives In some areas of Germany, duplicate civil records of births, marriages and deaths have been sent to the state archives (Staatsarchiv), district archives (Kreisarchive), or another central repository. Many of these records have been microfilmed and are available at the Family History Library or through local Family History Centers. The Family History Library The Family History Library has microfilmed the civil registration records of many towns throughout Germany up to about 1876, as well as copies of records sent to many of the various state archives. Do a Place Name search in the online Family History Library Catalog for the name of the town to learn what records and time periods are available. Parish Records Often called parish registers or church books, these include records of births, baptism, marriages, deaths, and burials recorded by German churches. The first surviving Protestant records date back to 1524, but Lutheran churches, in general, began requiring baptism, marriage, and burial records in 1540; Catholics began doing so in 1563, and by 1650 most Reformed parishes began keeping these records. Many of these records are available on microfilm through Family History Centers. Otherwise, youll need to write (in German) to the specific parish which served the town in which your ancestors lived.

Medieval chinese empire rise and fall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Medieval chinese empire rise and fall - Essay Example raphy, economic system, society and the class structure have always influenced the upheaval of an empire, the role of the military systems has always been considered as the most significant factor that in the first place instigates the rise of an empire. Yet the military power with the superior technology, strategy, tactics, logistics etc has never been counted as the one and only the components of an empire. In an article, â€Å"Empire Builders, Culture Makers, and Culture Imprinters† Charles Issawi refers to the proper role of the military power in the making of an empire in the following rhetorical question, â€Å"Was this achievement because they were more successful as empire builders, that is, they showed greater political and military skill? These factors were certainly important, but they do not exhaust the question.†1 History of the world shows that successful culture builders are also the successful makers of a culture that is committed to the ideal of a unifi ed and single empire. In most cases, it happens that the empire builders have had to depend on a religion as the potential basis of the culture that will ensure commitment of the common people to the unity of the Empire. Religion has always played the role of an effective tool that can intimidate the common people internally with the least possible resentment. Indeed religion has served two-fold purpose: First, it assists the Empire builders to unify the people with one thread and then it helps to create a more stable society based on the fellow feeling, morality, and humanity. But in the imperial history of the world it is evident that religion and religion-based culture have often been manipulated by the rulers in order to tame the subject to a tyrannical end, because â€Å"It [religion] acted upon,† as Viscount Bryce notes, â€Å"the whole mass of a people, and more powerfully upon the lower than upon the more educated class. It touched those whom ordinary political disco ntents or aspirations might

Analysis of The History of NASA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Analysis of The History of NASA - Research Paper Example This paper reviews the history of NASA: NASA’S formation, goals and objectives, greatest achievements in history, and also its administration. At the end of the paper, it is argued that NASA has indeed lived up to its mission and objectives and that it has been very successful in achieving its goals and objectives. Formation of NASA The formation of NASA as a fully-fledged government agency dedicated to the exploration of the outer space was sparked off by the historic launch of the satellite Sputnik 1 by Russia in October 1957 (Galloway, 2008). The launch of the Sputnik 1 Satellite by Russia was a monumental success for Russia in space science, and this action made Russia the leading country in space science explorations. The launch of the Sputnik 1 Satellite by Russia made the US feel insecure, the US government felt that Russia could use its superior knowledge in space science to harm them in one way or another. The US also felt that they had to do everything possible so as to reclaim their position as the world’s premier in space science and aeronautics. For these reasons, the use government set out in November 1957, to establish a government agency fully dedicated to the exploration of outer space. ... But following the Sputnik’s launch by Russia, the establishment of a more effective and robust government agency dealing with outer space exploration became a matter of agency. The US Senate, the Congress and the Executive began a process of establishing a government agency that would deal with matters of outer space explorations (Dick, 2008). On 6th February 1958, the Senate established a special committee on space and Aeronautics with the aim of exploring ways and means of establishing a space agency. The committee was headed by Senator Johnson. On the side of the Congress, a select committee on Aeronautics and space exploration was formed on 5th March 1958, and the committee was headed by John McCormack, McCormack was the house majority leader. On the executive side, President Eisenhower asked his science advisor James Killian to convene science advisory committee to deliberate on the issue of establishing a space agency. The Science advisory committee proposed the establis hment of a civilian committee built around the NACA (Dick, 2008). The committee presented their resolutions to President Eisenhower and the president approved their resolutions on the establishment of a space agency. In their deliberations, both the Senate and the Congress had also resolved that there was indeed an urgent need of establishing a space agency. On 2nd April 1958, President Eisenhower sent draft legislation to the Congress. The draft proposed establishment of a space agency by the name, National Aeronautics and Space Agency. The Congress, however, changed the name of the proposed agency to, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.  Ã‚  

Project management maturity model Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Project management maturity model - Assignment Example Project management principles that need application and support are included in this level. These principles are related to methodologies applied by the company. III. Level 3 Singular Methodology: A company is in a position to integrate all corporate methodologies into one with a focus on project management. These effects termed as synergistic effects simplifies process control in combination with single methodology rather than multiple methodologies. IV. Level 4 Benchmarking: at this level, competitive advantage is enjoyed by a company. Process improvement is the focus of management so that the company maintains this advantage. This level is performed regularly and continuously. Decisions made at this level look at whom and what to benchmark. V. Level 5 Continuous improvement: all information from benchmarking are important for success in project management. This information is used in benchmarking followed by a decision whether the information will empower singular methodology. The se levels of maturity are not only accomplished by companies’ in a consequential manner but may overlap in one manner or the other (Kerzner 2001, pp.41-44). Ferris HealthCare, Inc. ... The need for project managers in career path position with a structure to accommodate project management was seen a priority in making the organization prosper. A project management training program was conducted by a consultant in the organization. One twelfth of the organization’s employees participated in the training program. The fifty trained officials held several meetings in the next two months to set out models to use for the firm. Finally, three stage gates were identified although dictated by personal interests. The models were information systems, new products portfolio and corporate clients. The models developed had several similarities since they had rigid policies and procedures. After a year of implementation of the models, a problem in decision making about the right project manager for a specific project emerged. Project managers were obliged to understand the three models. The only option available was assigning project managers who understood particular meth odology. Later, the company consolidated the methodologies into one, with a focus on guidelines rather than policies and procedures. The new model received support from most employees. The company organized another training session for untrained employees on project management with a focus on the new method. Unfortunately, there was no success in future projects. Questions a. What difficulty did the management face to initiate one methodology from the start? b. Why did the three methods based on policies and procedures? c. Why do you think the company was forced to seek for single methodology? d. Why did the company decide that the methodology rely on guidelines rather than policies

Analysis of FedEx marketing channels

Analysis of FedEx marketing channels Generally, a channel designed to make the service available to customers. A service without good marketing channel consider useless because it is not accessible for customer to get the service. FedEx as a service company that mainly focuses on transportation or shipment services, channel played an important role leading to success. FedEx need a good channel to get and reach more customers. FedEx has a strong network structure linking all the market together. FedEx serves more than 220 countries and territories currently. Further, these networks are linked up by land, air and ocean transportation. FedExs service covered all around the globe, making services available for customers from many countries and almost every place. FedEx has many drops off location around the globe. Customer can choose either one drop- off location that is nearest to them. FedEx has great air network, having more than 320 daily international flight and 654 aircraft ready to ship the packages. FedEx has many hubs around the world working as a midpoint of delivering the packages. There are four hubs in Asia pacific. That is Shanghai, Osaka, Seoul and Guang Zhou. Besides, FedEx has hubs in London, Colonge, Frankfurt and Paris which will later ship the parcel around the European area. Moreover, hubs that link the Latin America, the Caribbean and Canada was in Memphis and Miami. One thing that makes FedEx so special out of so many transportation or shipping company is the collection of airplane uses by FedEx in order to ship the parcel. FedEx is the first company who use the plane called Boeing 777. The uniqueness of the plane is the plane is fuel saver. It shorter the transit time with larger space to put the parcel. This had made the overnight carrier service possible. FedEx was famous in its overnight service. Customers can receive their packages at the same time on the next day. The strong backbone of shipping network structure by FedEx makes this service available. An example given to explained how FedEx manage to ship the parcel between 24 hours and reach at 10.30am. A customer decided to ship his parcel from Shang Hai to New York City. FedEx pick up the shipment in time to make the same-day trans-oceanic flight. FedEx picked up the package from client at the time of 4:50 pm, Tuesday. The package was delivered to Shang Hais facility for sorting process. Then, the package reaches Shang Hai Pudong International Airport at 9:30 pm. At 11:30 pm, the package leaves China and in the Boeing 777 aircraft on the way direct to Memphis, Tenn. The flight travel east of the Pacific Ocean and passed the International Date Line. At the time 11:30 pm, the package arrived in Memphis. In Memphis, the package was on loaded, cleared, sorted and reloaded on to a flight from Memphis to Newark. In Newark, the shipment ship by truck to New York City. This is how the package from Shang Hai reach client in New York City and at the time 10:30 am Wednesday. From the example, the package was first picked up and sends to the facility for process, then to airport. The package then reach the hub and been process again. Finally, the package was delivered by motorized vehicle. FedEx has more than 43,000 motorized vehicles which make FedEx manage to reach many places in different country. Example of motorized vehicle commonly used by FedEx was trucks, vans, containers, and also tricycles. FedEx delivered by electrically-assisted tricycles in Paris to avoid traffic jam in order to ship in time. The tricycle was designed to put packages back on the tricycle. It has a removable storage container that places between the back two wheels. It is 100 per cent electrical and it has to start manually. It is 100 per cent eco-friendly and it enable delivery work more efficient even faster that a car or truck. FedEx not only ship with aircraft and motorized vehicles, but also by ocean cargo. It provides another choice for customer to choose. The ocean cargo services provided by FedEx linking North America, Latin America, the Asia-Pacific region, Europe and the Middle East together. Besides, FedEx has enough amount of ocean cargo to make their services, choosing on the space of cargo available. For example, allow customer to have full-container-load (FCL) for user that need huge space and less-than-container-load (LCL) for those customer that do not need so much cargo space. Further, FedEx has ocean cargo with different facility like refrigerator, on-board cranes, on the cargo ship to provide the service like ship dry or liquid bulk shipments and handle heavy shipments to smaller ports. Moreover, customers usually expect their package to ship in time with good condition. FedEx understand that and come out a solution that is provided packing service. It tried to help in avoiding damage in packages. In order to make the service available, one of the FedExs subsidiary company was designed to become one of the channels in helping customers to pack their packages. So, customers can now bring their package to any of the FedEx Office and ask for pack up service. Further, FedEx knows that this the era of information technology. Everyone seems to be online often and many things can be done online. FedEx understand that there is a need to open a web site as a channel in order to make the service available for more people, especially for those who seldom go out and always do online shopping. The website makes the process of shipping easier. Everyone can use the service. Now, FedExs customer can ship online with few step and avoid many process of filling up the forms. FedEx reach customers in many different ways. Beside of online, by air, by land, and by sea, FedEx reach customers by telephone and fax. This is another channel provided by FedEx to customer called and pick up service. In order to provide convenient to customer, understanding some people might think lazy to go out just for dropping a small package, and also for people who definitely very busy and lack of time, called and pick up service is a very good way to reach them. Customer can just dial FedExs customer service number and ask for a pick up. FedEx will pick up the package from you and the great thing was the time count once the package was picked up by them. Further, Customer can fax to the company to have the service. In another hand, mobile phone or smart phone are uses as a channel to reach more customers. Smart phone become very popular nowadays. People tend to have one smart phone to do many tasks on the go. FedEx makes the website of FedEx available for smart phone user, trying to attract more customers to use their service. FedEx customer can do tracking of parcel, schedule a pick up, and even billing by using phone. It makes the service become very convenient especially for those who usually travel around and wish to deliver their parcel. FedEx understand the important of customer service. So, a company called FedEx Service is there specialized in information technology. They providing back up and information like tracking information, customers detail, and customers history of using FedExs services, estimate the duties and taxes and handle the claims and complaints. Besides, the company also provides information about the service and company. It is to make the customer service and online tool available at all the time whenever customer needed them. Furthermore, it is a guide for customer because much information was provided on the web site. One of the channels in marketing is employee. As a service provider, employee is the first who reach the customer and make the service available. It often leads to satisfaction of customer. In order to make the service deliver in a certain standard, employee is been train. The employees required test in every six months to ensure their skills meet minimum acceptable requirements. Extra training was required for those who are not met the minimum requirement. Employees need to go through computer-based training, satellite broad-cast training, and staff-conducted training in order to perform the service to customer. FedExs channels are backed by the computer system called COSMOS. That is Customers, Operations and Services Master Online System. It is a centralized computer system to manage people, packages, vehicles and weather scenarios in real time. It is to make sure all the channels are working properly.

A Comparison between Othello and The Trial Essay -- comparison compare

A Comparison between Othello and The Trial   Ã‚   In the same way that the concept innocence and arrogance appear at cross-purposes, a comparison between "Othello" by William Shakespeare and " The Trial " by Franz Kafka at first sight appears contradictory. On closer analysis however, both these terms and these two works can be shown to have demonstrated the same inseparable idea.    The philosophy of both times introduces the ideas. And it gives us an understanding of why they thought that way and to make us understand the writer's work better. Shakespeare birthed in the Renaissance period in the 1600's. At that time England was dominated by Anglicanism-King Henry the eighth replaced the Pope-so the king or the queen has all the power. The ruler had the power to kill a person or give him or her a chance to live. Shakespeare wrote about that power and showed it, and gave it a sense of life in his work. E.g. when Othello wants to kill Desdemona out of the whim. "Ay, let her rot, and perish and be damned to-night; for she shall not live."(Othello, act IV, scene 1) Or "Hang her! I do but say what she is." (Othello, act IV, scene 1) In these two examples it shows the power of the ruler, and how he or she could use it abusively or wisely. And how they make their decisions without any consultant. Or when Othello takes Cassio out of the force, "Cassio I love thee; but n ever more be officer of mine."(Othello, act II, scene III).      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The incidents that occur in Shakespeare's work are anthropological constants that we experience them in our daily lives jealousy, love, death, hate, and betrayal. The people related to Shakespeare because they lived the role that he was introducing and describing, they understood his i... ...hen Othello knew that Cassio was drunk he took him out of the force, even though he was his companion and his right hand. And when Joseph K. struggles with the people in the office.    Arrogance, an eminence that is full of pride, and known the tragic flow. That's what each character has. Although characters have different paths in the end they both reach the same path. And when they realize they are on the wrong path it is too late to turn back. So their arrogance will lead them to their fate, and to their death.      Works Consulted    Kafka, Franz. The Trial. New York: Schocken Books, 1984. Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Birth of Tragedy. New York: Dover Publications, 1995. Shakespeare, William. The Complete Works of Shakespeare. Updated Fourth Edition. Ed. David Bevington. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc., 1997.   

Circulatory System Essay

His first point criticised Paley’s analogy of the watch. The first part of the analogy claimed that if you found a rock while walking through a heath, you would not think anything of it. However, if you had seen a watch you would examine it and find that it had moving parts that demonstrate that the watch has a purpose, the parts work together for a purpose and they are ordered to make the watch function because if they weren’t, the watch won’t perform its function. He concluded the first part of his analogy by saying that the watch had a maker who must have existed at some time and place. The second part of the analogy claimed that if we suppose the watch had another imaginary function, and this function was the producing of other watches, then our admiration for the watchmaker would be increased. He concluded this part of his argument by saying that anyone who finds such a watch would conclude that the design of the watch implies ‘the presence of intelligence and mind’. Paley said that just like the watch being designed necessitates a designer as an explanation of its existence, all of nature requires a much greater designer. The complexity of nature is far greater than any machine human beings can make and therefore a grand designer is needed, this designer is God. Hume criticised this point by saying that the analogy is limited. For example, you could conclude from a study of the human blood circulatory system that animals had the same system. This would be a weak and mistaken analogy however to compare a human’s and an animal’s circulato ry system to the way sap circulates in a plant. Hume maintained his criticism of Paley’s analogy of the watch by an analogy of his own. This analogy said that we can conclude that a house had a builder and an architect but we cannot, however, deduce a builder or architect of the universe in the same way because there is no similarity between the two. He mentioned that if the house is faulty, what does this suggest about the designer? And so, if God did design the world, is he directly responsible for the evil within it? Paley, however, rejected this point because the issue was whether the universe exhibited signs of design. He was not concerned with questions relating to issues of quality concerning the design. Paley’s response was criticised to be unsatisfactory. Hume argued that there are other possible explanations than God for apparent design in the universe. Hume claimed that one of these possible explanations might be that as well as the possibility that there is a grand designer of the universe, it is equally possible that ‘matter may contain the spring of order originally within itself, as well as mind does’ and that unless there is perfect similarity between the object of comparison and what is being compared, you cannot draw a conclusion with any certainty. Another possible explanation for apparent design in the universe might be that any effects that we observe in nature may be caused by a variety of causes. This view supports the discovery of natural selection and the DNA and its role of shaping the growth of all living organisms. Hume claimed that there might not be just one single designer for the world. For example, we may look at a great ship and think about the great design of it, but the ship may be the result of years, even generations of trial and error. The ship may be the product of many hands and not just one great designer. From this, Hume concludes that there is no evidence to suggest the ‘unity of the deity’. Hume suggested three more theories as explanations for the design of the universe; aptness of analogy, the epicurean thesis and the argument from effect to cause. The aptness of analogy said that a watch is not a suitable analogy for the world. For example, just because a cabbage is fitted together/designed perfectly, does not mean that it has a maker/designer. By using a machine as an analogy, you would have already determined the outcome you want; you want there to be a designer and you’re already assuming that something natural, i.e. the cabbage, has a designer. The epicurean thesis was explained using an example. This example spoke about particles and said that if they were freely moving around over infinite time, by chance, one of the combinations they make would just happen to represent a stable order and this stable order is what we now live in. This example represented the view that the universe might have happened by chance. The argument from effect to cause claimed that we cannot go from an effect to a greater cause than that needed to produce the cause. We cannot say whether he made the watch alone or had some little helpers. This would mean that we do not and cannot know whether he is still active or even still alive, we can only say if the universe does/doesn’t have a designer and can’t list its traits by saying that he is benevolent, omnipotent, omniscient and infinite as many would portray him. Overall, Hume criticises the teleological argument in a number of ways. He very explicitly criticises Paley’s views on the teleological argument, using them to explain why he believes that the argument is deeply flawed.

Haircare segment- the shampoo bubble Essays

Haircare segment- the shampoo bubble Essays Haircare segment- the shampoo bubble Essay Haircare segment- the shampoo bubble Essay None of the above. (I will elaborate in the next question) Total 74. 00 100. 00% from our primary research As per our primary research amongst a niche educated crowd (working professionals, student as well as homemakers in the age group 20-30), one of the most important qualities that consumers look for is intense conditioning. Most women complain of dryness of hair after shampooing. While several products claim to have conditioning, they mostly do not have a lasting effect. Companies generally market the conditioner and a masque as shampoo for most consumers is one that leaves hair smooth and lustrous. Development of a shampoo with deep conditioning effect would require extensive search but its worth it. If the shampoo contains natural oils to achieve this effect, several more brownie points for that! Consumers would be willing to pay a premium for such a product- they will have to spend lesser on conditioners, nourishing oils and masques. Most consumers in our research are willing to spend at least RSI. 100 for 100 ml of product. : In fact, a significant percentage also opt for the premium brands. Considering the fact that the product would give consumers the freedom to buy only the shampoo and not invest in conditioner, the consumer can be charged a premium lightly less than the price of the conditioner(shampoo and conditioner of the same product range are almost always equally priced). Since our research was conducted in a niche sample, the product to be designed targets the educated 20-30 year olds. Women in this age group are generally very conscious of their looks and form opinions about the products. They want to experiment but once they find the product that suits their hair, they stick to it. The revolutionary product that we suggest reflects what they want. This is reason enough to charge something in the range of 250-500. Even consumers in the 100-250 range old be able to afford it. Although independent retailers have held an important position in the value chain until now, the dynamics are clearly changing.

An Argument against Gun Control

An Argument against Gun Control Introduction One of the most valued liberties by the American people is their right to bear arms; a right enshrined in the Second Amendment. This right, which was included in the bill of rights in 1791, has continued to be upheld by successive governments up to today.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on An Argument against Gun Control specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, this right has come under heavy criticism in recent years because of the numerous incidents of gun related violence’s in the country. The destruction caused by firearms in school shootings and the public at large has enraged many and led to calls for tighter gun control measures. The government has responded to this by imposing gun regulation, a move that has greatly angered gun control opponents. This paper will argue that the US government does not have any right to control guns and as such, it should respect the second amendment and stop t aking up measures to impose gun control on its citizens. Why Gun Control Should Be Abolished Gun control is an infringement upon the basic rights of the Americans to possess firearms. This right is explicitly protected by the Second Amendment, which states, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed (Barnett 265). By trying to impose gun control measures in the country, the government is going against the constitution. Considering that the government is required to uphold the constitution at all times, gun control measures are essentially unlawful. Advocates of gun control argue that the Second Amendment cannot be used to justify an individuals right to own firearms since this right was conditioned on service in an organized militia. This advocates state that the individual’s right to bear arms was tied to a military context and citizens were only empowered to have guns in readiness to serve when called to duty. Legal scholars refute this claim by st ating that the Second Amendment protected the right of the individual to possess firearms. Barnett states that even at the time of the making of the Second Amendment, the term bear arms did not have an exclusively military connotation; the term was also used to connote purely private use of arms (244). Therefore, the right of individuals to have fire guns in the present era is still protected by the US constitution. The control of bullets or even the ban of assault rifles will not prevent murderous people from engaging in killing. Domenech observes that most of the calls for stricter gun control measures come following tragic incidents like the mass killing of students in school by gun wielding individuals (25). Gun control proponents use tragedies of mass murders such as the Sandy Hook incident to make a case for further restrictions on the gun-owning rights of American citizens.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is in spite of the fact that there is no research data supporting the theory that gun possession increases the likelihood of mass murders taking place. Stricter gun control legislation will not prevent sad incidents like the Sandy Hook case which robbed 20 children and six adults of their lives since, as Domenech explains, no laws can make the murderously insane sane or remove their ability to destroy innocent lives (25). The government should try to identify the reasons for such incidents and take measures to avoid them from occurring in future. Blaming gun possession for action of deranged murderous is neglectful and it will only leave the public vulnerable to such attacks in the future. The ability of an individual to protect himself by having guns is reduced by having gun controls measures. Opponents of gun ownership hope to make it impossible for citizens to buy and have guns for self-protection. Most people invest in firearms so as to keep themselves and their loved ones safe. Domenech reveals that most handgun sales in the US are made to individuals who are interested in defending their homes (27). Strict gun control legislations will prevent many people from being able to acquire guns for this defensive purpose. It can be expected that the crime rates in the country will increase if individuals are barred from having guns. This is because guns have a deterrence effect on criminals who are discouraged from attacking homes where the owner has a gun. If criminals are not worried about being confronted by lethal legal weaponry by the person they intend to rob, crime rates will rise. Proponents of gun control argue that individuals with firearms still are attacked and even murdered by criminals. While this is true, it should not be used as the basis for denying people a right to protect themselves and increase their chances of fighting off criminals. The government should therefore stop all gun control since thes e measures have a negative impact on the safety of the citizens. Gun control will amount to an intrusion into the private lives of individuals by the government. As it is, the US has a gun culture that stretches back to centuries. This culture is connected to ideals such as individuality and liberty due to the deep relationships that guns have with the war for independence, which took place from 1775 to 1782 (Wolpert and Gimpel 244). Gun restrictions ignore the fact that guns have many legitimate users such as sporting and hunting. By imposing these laws, individuals are denied the right to enjoy their freedom to bear arms. Wolpert and Gimpel declare that by implementing gun control measures, the government is using coercive power to directly shape individual conduct (241). In a country that prides itself for having liberties for all its citizens, this government action should not be tolerated. The government should respect the privacy of its citizens and allow them to have firearms if they want to.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on An Argument against Gun Control specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion This paper set out to argue that gun control is an infringement upon the most basic of rights or American citizens and the government should not be empowered to control guns. The paper began by nothing that gun control measures are a violation of the constitutional rights of the American citizens. While these measures are mostly demanded to try to reduce incidents of gun related violence, research indicates that possession of guns by citizens does not reduce violence since people who intend to commit murder will still find a way to engage in these acts. Gun control also prevents people from engaging in legitimate personal activity such as hunting and protecting themselves form assailants. By stopping its attempts at gun control, the government will not only be upholding the constitutional rig hts of its citizens but it will also ensure that the citizens are able to enjoy the benefits that firearms bring to the individual and the society at large. Barnett, Randy. â€Å"Was the Right to Keep and Bear Arms Conditioned on Service in an Organized Militia?†. Texas Law Review 83.1 (2004): 237-277. Web. Domenech, Benjamin. â€Å"The Truth about Mass Shootings and Gun Control†. Commentary 135.2 (2013): 25-29. Web. Wolpert, Robin, and Gimpel James. â€Å"Self-interest, symbolic politics, and public attitudes towards gun control†. Political Behavior 20.3 (1998): 241-262. Web.

Economics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economics - Research Paper Example As a result, the Current Account Balance of has been continuously deteriorating. It has not been long that China gained its position as a sovereign independent state. Initially, a centralized system or a planned economy was being focused upon. But later, the Chinese economy became more reliant on market oriented techniques and by the year 2000 the output of China quadrupled (CIA Factbook). Today China is an epitome of prosperity and economic development. It is the economic giant of today’s world. Its main focus has been on the manufacturing sector and is the major exporter of different goods and services. In this recessionary phase, China has managed to be coped very tactfully. With rising production and employment generation, not only the standard of living is being improved in China but also the economic position of China is being strengthened extensively. China manages to maintain a positive Current Account Balance in this phase of depressing worldwide economy. Additionally , China owns a large amount of foreign reserves to back its economy as well. The demographics of both the countries are different in the sense that China has the largest population of the world whereas, USA is at number 3.

How Marketing has changed because of the development of technology Essay

How Marketing has changed because of the development of technology - Essay Example The author of the essay "Change of Marketing due to Technological Advances" assumes that in the present situation of ever advancing technology, a focus on marketing is needed. The identification of best plans to acquire market share and defeating competitors also should be included in marketing strategy. The creation of essential components of the product and market strategy is needed. Making a product nearer to the customer is also a compulsion in the competitive market. After the advent of information technology, the marketing took new turn and the clients are being contacted through internet or the network of the companies. The marketing strategy inherent in the internet or web based services is making the customer’s work easy to contact the vendor, manufacturer or service provider. This makes the producer or the service provider’s work easy of searching a customer. For example, Cisco Systems and Bay networks turned into a billion dollar networks or companies within a short span of time. Similarly Sony company has shipped ten million CD players in sever years before 1992 and after that they have shipped same number in 7 months by the advent of internet or web services in marketing. This induced speed in the marketing strategies, by establishing a contact between customer and the manufacturer or the service provider. In this paper the author analyses internet marketing, and in the end of the essay gives an action plan and time table that requires three years period.